Showing posts with label Country. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Country. Show all posts

Sunday, June 30, 2013

History of the United Kingdom

Derived - As a sovereign state began on May 1, 1707. England and Scotland has had its own empire from the 9th century. Kingdom of England control of Wales in 1284 with statut Ruddlan. England and Scotland have been resent united under the Acts of Union in 1707. This unification of setting up the kingdom of Great Britain. Great Britain is also united with the kingdom of Ireland under the Union Act 1800 to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland). Courant southern island of Ireland was granted independence in 1922 and became the Republic of Ireland. Northern Ireland is still an area of ??United Kingdom, which swapped its name to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

Britain played a major role in consciousness Ages to the 18th century, and contribute to the development of the fields of philosophy, science, literature and theater arts. In the 19th century, Britain also contribute to the development of democracy fahaman berparlimen, literary, art and science. British Empire became rich by industry and the exploitation of the colonies as well as trade and slavery. However, Britain has forbid servitude in the early 19th century. They are the first country to take action.

After the Industrial Revolution and the defeat of Napoleonic France, Britain became the main power of the 19th century. Territories and colonies British Empire cover approximately stu-thirds of the breadth of the world, and is home kediami more than one-third of the world population.



After the reign of Queen Victoria, Britain's first loss of power and influence in the American industry and Syarikat German Empire. However, Britain and its allies won the First World War and the victorious expand its colonies again. Britain, United Syarikat, the Soviet Union and the countries of the other Komanwel killed once again victorious Germany and Italy in the Second World War. Britain suffered extinction, excessive losses due to this war. Power and influence in the world is reduced first.

British influence is increasingly berkurangan evidenced in the Suez Crisis in 1956, when the Britain and France failed to stymie the President of Egypt, Gamal Abdel Nasser rather than nationalize the Suez Canal. Weak economy and industry into the state of Britain after winning the war. However, under the leadership of Margaret Thatcher, Britain triumphed economically recoverable. This perkembagan current passed after Tony Blair became Prime Minister. United Kingdom has been accompanying the European Union in 1973.

Friday, May 3, 2013

History of France

Derived - French War of 1870-1871 was a chance for Mother M. Sisters Clara submit to Metz-Sablon, in order to carry out medical services for the soldiers there.
Bishop of Metz after the war ended, Monsignor Dupont-des-Loges allows the sisters to remain in the care of the diocese of German girl who works in housekeeping at the "St. Blandina", in the way Marcellen, which was founded by the Bishop.

Founder of us agree with this. Soon a German Private Elementary Schools starts, also caring for the sick at Jesuit hostel in the city of Metz, when the Jesuits were expelled.

When in 1886 the police headquarters in downtown Metz previously purchased, the service is getting magnified. It is a branch of the hospital (St. Blandina) which over the years became the main work our sisters. Over the decades Hospitals make various development and in early 2008 with 2 other hospitals merged in Metz, in the hope through the establishment of a new private hospital, the initial motivation to be realized further to the welfare of the sick. In 1918 the land and houses can be bought at Ban St Martin, since then used as the main house and novitiate and became the center of our sisters in France. In 1921 the Sisters active in France became an independent province under the auspices of St. Blandina.



Sisters in Alsace-Lorraine, known as the Franciscan Sisters of St. Blandina.
The sisters took over in other services in the course of time in Alsace-Lorraine, such as caring for the sick in the hospital and outpatient care for children, care for adolescent girls, and for several years the mission in a workers' city, and the 1982-1990 mission to Togo or Africa.

As the situation changes Province, then in 2004 became Provincial St Blandina "Portiuncula French Sector", with a simple leadership structure.

Saturday, April 27, 2013

China State History



Derived - China in whatever aspect has become a new world power after the Cold War. Public attention on her earth. If we look at history, we will be able to understand, that the country's bamboo curtain has forged a variety of upheaval in the past, heavy and threatening.

China is one of the oldest cultures in the world history. From archaeological and anthropological discoveries, China area has been inhabited by humans since ancient 1.7 million years ago. Chinese civilization originated from various city states along the Yellow River valley in the Neolithic era. China's written history began in the Shang Dynasty (ca. 1750 BC - 1045 BC).

History has proved that China is a nation-state are managed through various episodes of life, with a tragic ending or a happy story. Of a great nation, led by various dynasties, China had to pass first "period of humiliation" by European powers since the mid-19th century before finally "freed" by the communist forces under the leadership of Mao Zedong in 1949.

Mao's China in the future is China that "hate but homesick" for both the U.S. and the Soviet Union - a foreign policy posture that eventually make China should isolate itself from the international arena. Meanwhile, in the domestic difficulties of people due to political adventure Mao culminated in the Great Leap Forward (1958-60) and the Cultural Revolution (1966-76).

Mao's China in the future is a socialist state in which the state plays a major role in economic development. In the industrial sector, for example, state-owned enterprises yields a more than 60 per cent of gross value of industrial production. In the urban sector, the government is the only agency authorized to set prices of key commodities, determine the distribution of investment funds, allocated energy resources, set wage labor, and control of financial policy and the banking system. Foreign trade system is also a monopoly of the government since the early 1950s.

Since Mao "went to Marx" in September 1976, China began to open itself and adopt open market reforms. Since 1978 the role of the central government under the leadership of Deng Xiaoping in regulating the dwindling economy, coupled with the growing role of both private companies and other market forces. As a result, the Chinese economy showed astonishing dynamism: between 1978 and 1995, China's contribution to world GDP increased from 5% to 10.9%. Although China is still relatively poor in the context of per capita income, this result has fueled speculation about the future of China. In fact there are observers who say that the success of China to not be dragged into a wave of the Asian economic crisis, China's economy is expected to be able to match the United States in about 2015.

China enters the 21st century with the remnants of socialist ideology in one leg and endeavor to be one of world power in the other leg. When China during Mao's rule still apply autocratic rules, excessive veneration on the figure of the leader of the country, the rigid orthodoxy and isolationism, then in the 1990s and early 21st century China's government faced a much more educated population and could articulate yourself.

Chinese communist revolution that had adored (which is closely related to the working class radicalism, egalitarianism, and hostile alisme imperi-West) has been replaced by a modernized China, with an integrated capitalist industrial economy to the world, the application of the concept of democracy, and human resource development through the education system advanced. This is evidence of a refusal on the revolution in the name of modernization or in other words on the rejection of socialism in the name of capitalism.

Transition from a centralized socialist economy towards a free market economy is making most of the living standard of the Chinese people has improved. It is therefore not surprising that prosperity is no longer a luxury item in China. Economic boom has brought great advances in the standard of living of most urban Chinese. Although China is not necessarily soon will be free and open society, but restrictions on pop culture and other harmful things from the West have started to minus three quarter proof that capitalism had become deeply put the nails in China.

The transition also raises acute issues that must be addressed immediately. Kenneth Lieberthal, a sinolog from the University of Michigan, make a list of five tergawat problems facing China today: (1) decrease the degree of environmental quality, (2) unemployed, (3) separatist conflicts that lead to disintegration, (4) China's participation in the WTO, and (5) corruption is endemic.

In relation to the latter issue, China is aware that a political and social environment stable is a necessity for maintaining a healthy economic development, including the fight against corruption. This is why the Chinese government since the beginning of the reform has been determined to make economic development as the primary task and with it also struggling against corruption to ensure stability and promote reform and development.

Given the importance of China today in many fields, it is not an exaggeration to stated that we need to look at how the development of culture and history to be as current as the reflection of a very valuable material. This book complements the history of China in Indonesian paper titled China Nio Joe Lan Sepandjang Ages. At least this work will facilitate sinologi scholars and the general public in the study of Chinese history.

Thursday, April 25, 2013

The History of Japanese



Derived - Japan is a country located in the east of the continent of Asia. Homogeneous population, the Ainu. Japan is famous as the developed world because of technology but still maintain the local culture. A native Japanese call their country with "Nippong or Nihong" which means "where the sun comes or land of rising sun".

So, then how can it be called JAPAN? This relates to the Meiji Restoration. As we know, before ruling Meiji "1868-1912", Japan is a country that is closed to the outside world because of its leader, the Tokugawa Shogun, not like the influence of the outside world to kebuadayaan Japan. Therefore, countries outside of Japan to know neighbors, namely China.

In Mandarin, the national language of China, ?? letters read "Ri Ben" or "ze pen". Already can see the common thread? Yes, and Marco Polo wrote that the spelling of the word "Cipangu."

In the Old Malay language, the country is referred to as "Japanese" of the Chinese adopt. Japanese names in this ancient Malay language that was brought to Europe by Portuguese traders and develops spelling and pronunciation into Japon "French", Japan "English", Giaponne "Italian", Japão "Portuguese", and others.

The official name of the country until the end of World War II is "Dai Nippon Teikoku or Kingdom of Great Japan. However, now the official name of this country is "Nippon Koku or Country Japan".

Wednesday, April 24, 2013

History of Israel & Palestine



Derived - Israel is the only Jewish country in the world with a population of approximately 7.28 million Jews jiwa.Selain, there are also several ethnic minority groups such as ethnic Arab citizen of Israel. In Israel there are also several other religions like Muslims, Christians, Druze, Samaritans, and others.

Early History of Israel

The Story & History of Israel & PalestinaMenurut the Torah, the Land of Israel was promised to the three Patriarchs of the Jewish God as the Jewish homeland. Around the 11th century BC, a kingdom and the state of Israel was established around the Land of Israel.

Between periods kingdoms of Israel and the Muslim conquest of the 7th century, the Land of Israel fell under the Assyrian, Babylonian, Persian, Greek, Roman, Sassanian, and Byzantine.

The existence of the Jews in the region was reduced drastically after the failure of the Bar Kokhba against the Roman Empire in 132, led to large-scale expulsion of Jews.

In 628/9, the Byzantine Emperor Heraclius ordered the massacre and expulsion of the Jews, resulting in the Jewish population declined even further.

Israel captured the land from the Byzantine Empire around the year 636 by the Muslim conquerors. For more than six centuries, control of the region under the control of the Umayyads, Abbasids, and Crusaders before falling under Kesulatanan Mamelukes in 1260.

In 1516, the Land of Israel became part of the Ottoman Empire, which ruled the region until the 20th century.
Zionism and the British Mandate

Large-scale expulsion of Jews or so-called Jewish Diaspora, Jewish causes spread to many countries. At the beginning of the 12th century, Catholic persecution of Jews by encouraging the migration of European Jews back to the Holy Land. And the increasing number of population displacement Jews after the expulsion of the Jews from Spain in 1492.

During the 16th century, Jewish communities large mostly centered on four Jewish Holy City of Jerusalem, Hebron, Tiberias, and Safed.

In the second half of the 18th century, the whole community Hasidut coming from Eastern Europe have moved to the Holy Land.

Immigration on a large scale, otherwise known as the First Aliyah , starting in 1881, which is when the Jews fled pogroms in Eastern Europe.

In 1896, Theodor Herzl published Der Judenstaat (The Jewish State), and describes his vision of the future of the Jewish state, then the next year he chaired the first World Zionist Congress.

Second Aliyah (1904-1914) began after the Chisinau pogrom. Approximately 40,000 Jews then moved to Palestine.

During World War I, British Foreign Secretary Arthur Balfour issued a statement known as the Balfour Declaration, the declaration which supported the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine.

At the request of Edwin Samuel Montagu and Lord Curzon, also inserted the statement "Clearly it being understood that nothing shall be done roomates may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country ".

Jewish Legion, a battalion consists of Zionist volunteers, then helped Britain conquered Palestine. Arab opposition to the plan led to the 1920 Palestine riots and the formation of the Jewish organization known as the Haganah (Hebrew: Defense).

In 1922, the League of Nations mandate over Palestine entrusted to the United Kingdom. The county's population at the time was predominantly Arab Muslims, whereas in urban areas such as Jerusalem, the predominantly Jewish.

Third Aliyah (1919-1923) and Fourth Aliyah (1924-1929), as a whole brought 100,000 Jews to Palestine. After the Jaffa riots, Britain restricting Jewish immigration, and the area designated as the Jewish state was allocated in Transjordan.

Nazi movement in the 1930s led to the fifth Aliyah (1929-1939) with masukknya a quarter million Jews to Palestine. Jewish influx has led to massive Arab Revolt in Palestine 1936-1939, forcing Britain to limit immigration by issuing a White Paper 1939.

In reaction to the refusal of the countries in the world that refuses to accept Jewish refugees fleeing the Holocaust, formed an underground movement known as Aliyah Bet that aims to bring Jews to Palestine.

At the end of World War II, the Jewish population has reached 33% of the Palestinian population, increased dramatically from previously 11% in 1922.
Israel's independence

The Story & History of Israel & PalestinaSetelah, 1945, Great Britain became involved in a violent conflict with the Jews. In 1947, the British government withdrew from the Mandate of Palestine, stating that Britain can not reach a solution acceptable to both Arabs and Jews.

UN agency recently established then approve UN Partition Plan (UN General Assembly Resolution 18) on 29 November 1947. The partition plan dividing Palestine into two states, one Arab country, and the Jewish state. Jerusalem is intended as an international city - a corpus separatum - which is administered by the UN to avoid conflict status of the city.

The Jewish community accepted the plan, but the Arab League and Arab Higher Committee rejected it on the grounds of the Jews got 55% of the entire land area although only a 30% of the entire population in this area. On December 1, 1947, the Arab Higher Committee declared a strike for 3 days, and Arab groups began attacking Jewish targets.

The civil war began when Jews were first defensive slowly being offensive. Arab-Palestinian economy collapsed and 250,000 Palestinian-Arabs fled or were expelled.

On May 14, 1948, a day before the end of the British Mandate, the Jewish Agency proclaimed independence and established the state named as "Israel". A day later, a combination of five Arab countries - Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon and Iraq-attacked Israel, causing Arab-Israeli War of 1948. Morocco, Sudan, Yemen and Saudi Arabia also sent troops to help.

After a year of fighting, a ceasefire was declared and temporary borders, known as the Green Line is determined. Jordan then annexed the area known as the West Bank and East Jerusalem, while Egypt controls the Gaza Strip. Israel later accepted as a member of the United Nations on May 11, 1949. During the conflict, approximately 711,000 Palestinian Arabs (80% of the Arab population) fled Palestine.

In the early days kemerdekannya, Labor Zionist movement led by Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion dominated Israeli politics. These years marked by the mass immigration of Holocaust survivors and Jews were expelled from Arab lands.

Population of Israel rose from 800,000 to 2,000,000 in the ten year period between 1948 and 1958. Most of the refugees were placed in camps known as ma'abarot. To 1952, 200,000 immigrants living in mobile held this tent city.

During the 1950s, Israel repeatedly attacked by Palestinian militants who mostly came from the Gaza Strip was occupied by Egypt.

In 1956, Israel joined into an alliance with rahasiaBritania Kingdom and France, which aims to recapture the Suez Canal that had been nationalized by Egypt. Although captured the Sinai Peninsula, Israel was forced to resign under pressure from the United States and the Soviet Union in exchange for security of Israeli shipping in the Red Sea and the Suez Canal.

The Story & History & PalestinaPada 1967 Israel, Egypt, Syria, and Jordan closed its borders with Israel and expelled UN peacekeepers out of the region and Israel blockaded access to the Red Sea.

Israel then launched an attack on the Egyptian air force bases for fear of invasion by Egypt. This then led to the Six Day War which was won by Israel. On this war, Israel captured the West Bank, Gaza Strip, Sinai Peninsula and the Golan Heights.

Green Line became the administrative boundary marker between the territory of Israel by the Israeli occupation region. Jerusalem's boundaries expanded to include East Jerusalem. A law authorizing income is then assigned territory. This led the UN Security Council Resolution 478 which states that this determination is illegal and violate international law.

The Story & History PalestinaKegagalan Israel and the Arab states in the 1967 war led to the growth of the independence movement then Palestine by the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO).

In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Palestinian military groups launched a wave of attacks against various citizens of Israel around the world, including the murder of Israeli athletes at the Munich Olympics in 1972. Israel responded by launching Operation action Wrath of God (Wrath of God). At this operation, the people responsible for the Munich event was tracked and killed.

On the day of Yom Kippur October 6, 1973 which is the Jewish holy day, Egyptian and Syrian forces launched a surprise attack against Israel. The war ended on October 26 with Israel successfully hit back Egyptian and Syrian forces. However this war is regarded as a defeat of Israel.

The 1977 Knesset elections marked a turning point in Israeli political history. At this election, which is derived from Menachem Begin's Likud party took control from the Labour Party government of Israel. Also in that year, Egyptian President Anwar El Sadat made a visit to Israel and give a speech in front of the Knesset. This action was seen as the first recognition of Israel's sovereignty by the Arab countries.

Two years later, Sadat and Menachem Begin signed the Camp David Accords and the Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty. Israel withdrew from the Sinai Peninsula and agreed to negotiate Palestinian autonomy discuss beyond the Green Line. However, the plan was never implemented.

Begin government support Israelis to settle in the West Bank, leading to conflict with the Palestinians in that area.

On 7 June 1981, Israel bombed the Osirak nuclear reactor owned bardir Iraq in Operation Opera. Israeli intelligence agency, Mossad, suspected nuclear reactor will be used Iraq to develop nuclear weapons.

In 1982, Israel intervened in the Lebanese Civil War to destroy the bases of the Palestine Liberation Organization attacks on northern Israel. Intervention is then developed into the First Lebanon War. Israel withdrew its troops from Lebanon in 1986. The First Intifada was a Palestinian uprising against Israeli rule occurred in 1987, causing the occurrence of violence in the Israeli occupied territories.

During the 1991 Gulf War, the PLO and many Palestinians supported Saddam Hussein and the Iraqi missile attack on Israel.

In 1992, Yitzhak Rabin became Prime Minister of Israel after Israeli legislative elections memangkan 1992. Yitzhak Rabin and his party to support any compromise with Israel's neighbors.

In 1993, Shimon Peres and Mahmoud Abbas, on behalf of Israel and the PLO, signed the Oslo Accords. This approval gives the Palestinian National Authority the right to govern the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. In addition, recognition is also expressed Israel's right to stand up and call for the end of terrorism.

In 1994, the Israel-Jordan Treaty of Peace was signed, making Jordan became the second Arab country to normalize relations with Israel.

Arab public support for the approval of decline after the massacre of Muslims who were praying in the Ibrahimi Mosque by a group of extremist Kach movement. In addition, Israeli settlements in the occupied territories which still continues, and declining economic conditions also reduce the Palestinian Arab public support.

Israeli public support for the agreement also reduced after a series of suicide bombing carried out by Hamas. Yitzhak Rabin's assassination by Jewish extremists as he was leaving a rally in favor of peace with the Palestinians shocked the whole country.

At the end of the 1990s, Israel, led by Benjamin Netanyahu, withdrew from Hebron, and signed the Wye River Memorandum. The memorandum gave the Palestinian National Authority greater control.

Tuesday, April 23, 2013

History of INDONESIA

Derived - Who are the real nation of Indonesia? There are many ways / versions to explain the answer to this question. Of all the versions, if the ancestor keseluruhannnya thinks the same people who now inhabit the Indonesian archipelago is a nation of immigrants. Archeology and genetics research provides strong evidence if the Indonesian nation ancestors migrated from Asia to southern Asia. Indonesian people probably are not aware if the difference in skin color, ethnicity, or language does not cover up the fact that a nation has the same family, namely the Austronesian family. If you look at the record of research and scientific study of the origin of a nation, whether the Indonesian people realize if they originate (offspring) from the same ancestor (one family)?




Topics in this article has been often discussed in the previous print and electronic media, including several written by bloggers. Too bad in every writing does not give any confirmation but just general information. In principle, by tracing the origins of a nation, at least it will be known picture of thinking, understanding, or perception of the attitudes of a nation.

Tracing the origins of a nation does not require more than a science of anthropology, but has entered into the realm of the science of genetics. At first, penelurusuran only based on archaeological evidence and narrative patterns of the language. Recent findings is surprising because the overall change in the facts of the past if this ancestor for Indonesian people not from Yunan.


Early Theories About Yunan

Theory of the origins of early amid Indonesian nation advanced by the ancient historian and archaeologist from Austria, which Robern Barron von Heine Geldern or better known as von Heine Geldern (1885-1968). Based on in-depth study of the megalithic culture in Southeast Asia and some areas in parts of the Pacific inferred that in the past there has been a displacement (migration) in waves from northern Asia to the southern part of Asia. They are then inhabited the region in the form of islands stretching from Madagascar (Africa) to Easter Island (Chile), Taiwan, and New Zealand, hereinafter called the region culturally Austronesian regions. Theory of the Neolithic culture and Austronesian is very popular among anthropologists to explain the mysteries of the migration of nations in the Neolithic period (2000 BC to 200 BC).

Von Heine Geldern theory of Austronesian culture inspires thoughts about family culture Yunan (China) that went into southern Asia to Australia. One of them also thought if the underlying Indonesian nation ancestors originated from Yunan. This theory is still very weak (less accurate) because it is only based on the evidence of the physical similarities such as the findings of archaeological objects or megalithic culture. This theory is also very easy to be debated after the discovery of the records in Borneo (Kalimantan), North Sulawesi, and Sumatra conflicting with theory Out of Yunan. Unfortunately, there are still a lot of basic education in Indonesia, which still maintains the principle of 'Out of Yunan'.


Linguistic Theory

Theories about the origin of the Indonesian nation then rests on the study of linguistics. Of the overall language used in the archipelago tribes have the same family, namely rumun Austronesian. The root of the whole branch of the language used ancestors settled in the archipelago comes from the Austronesian family in clumps known as Formosa or Taiwan. Linguistic theory opens new thinking about the history of the origins of the Nation Indonsia approach called 'Out of Taiwan'. This theory proposed by Harry Truman hereinafter Simandjuntak fundamental theories on the origins of the modern nation of Indonesia.

In principle, according to linguistic approaches, the origin of a nation can be traced through the pattern of the spread of the language. Approach to linguistic science supports the fact spread the Austronesian family of nations. The term actually refers to the Austronesian language speakers understanding. Archaeological evidence to explain an Austronesian peoples in the islands where Formosa (Taiwan) has existed since 6000 years ago. Of the island Formosa later Austronesian peoples spread to the Philippines, Indonesia, Madagascar (Africa), to the Pacific region. Nevertheless, the approach of linguistic science is still not able to answer the mystery of migration from China to the islands of Formosa.


Genetics Theory Approach

Theory approach 'Out of Taiwan' seems increasingly stronger after accompanied with proof of a genetic match. Genetic research conducted on thousands of chromosomes do not find a match with the genetic pattern in the Chinese territory. This finding is surprising because the course is considered to decide the alleged wave of migration from China, including the approach of 'Out of Yunan'. In contrast, the genetic pattern match was even more strengthened approach 'Out of Taiwan' previously also used as a rationale approach to the science of archeology with linguistics.

By using the approach of linguistic and genetic research, the origin of the Indonesian nation certainly does not come from Yunan, but originated from Austronesian peoples who inhabited the islands Formosa (Taiwan). Director of the Institute of Molecular Biology, Prof. Sangkot Dr Marzuki suggested to do an overhaul view of the origin of the Indonesian nation. Genetic approach to produce a variety of views about the pattern of spread of Austronesian peoples. Is still done in-depth studies to reinforce predictions through linguistic approach on approach 'Out of Taiwan'.


Migration Path

Migration path based approach 'Out of Taiwan' contrary to the approach of 'Out of Yunan'. Approach 'Out of Yunan' explain Austronesian migration stems from the North to the Malay peninsula which then spread to eastern Indonesia. Approach 'Out of Yunan' can be attenuated after traced based approach reinforced by the linguistic and genetic evidence.

Based approach 'Out of Taiwan', ancestral migration from Taiwan (Formosa) first arrived in the northern Philippines around 4500 to 3000 BC. Migration allegedly done to secede seek new areas in the South. As a result of this migration then formed a new culture, including the establishment of branches of a language called Proto-Malayo-Polynesian (PMP). Theory of early migration of Austronesian peoples Formosa delivered by David A. Tanudirjo based view linguist Robert Blust that explain the pattern of the spread of Austronesian peoples.


In the next stage around 3500 to 2000 BC migration of people who originally inhabited the Philippines with the aim of Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and North Maluku. Migration that ended in the North Maluku then continue their migration around the year 3000 to 2000 BC towards the South and East. Migration in the southern part of Nusa Tenggara to the group, while in the eastern part to the western coast of New Guinea. West Papua is then they migrate again with the aim of reaching the Oceania region Bismarck Islands (Melanesia) around 1500 BC.


In the period 3000 to 2000 BC, the migration was also carried to the West by those who previously inhabited Kalimantan and Sulawesi towards Java and Sumatra. Furthermore, the move was forwarded to the Malay peninsula to the entire region of Southeast Asia. Migration process over and over and spent thousands of years not only establish a new cultural diversity, but also the pattern of narrative (language) new.


Cover

Theory of the origin of the Indonesian nation with a 'Out of Taiwan' is currently the most support for the theory with linguistic and genetic evidence. The similarity of the pattern of the Megalithic culture can only explain patterns of cultural variation, but have not been able to explain the first migration flows. Approach 'Out of Taiwan' was not without loopholes. As stated by Prof. Sangkot Dr Marzuki, the theory about the existence of Austronesian peoples by genetic approaches also varied and yet still find common ground.

If asked motive tribes when it was to merge into Homeland is not solely based on the equation of fate. The similarity of ancestral origin is possible for the underlying desire to reunite a nation. Clicking the arrival of European colonial-led plot area tribes in the region into the Austronesian spread apart politically from one another. Not surprisingly, the historical record of Majapahit and Sriwijaya territory claimed the archipelago as Austronesian territory.


The story of the history of the origins of the Indonesian people actually still not fully revealed. Recent findings of Prof. Dr Marzuki Sangkot states even if the spread of the Austronesian peoples originated from the Sunda region (West Java). We should bear in mind or a new theory on the origin of the Indonesian Nation reviewed. To start, at least with the first freed understand 'Out of Yunan'.


Though not yet discovered genetic evidence conclusively, Austronesian tribes occupies archipelagoes Formosa (Taiwan) allegedly migrated from the North (China). Austronesian language family and others in Southeast Asia is a language phylum Austrik. Seen from linguistic kinship (phylum hypothesis Austrik), all languages ​​in China's southern region has proximity (kinship) with clumps Austrik language. If you want to withdrawn the red thread, the racial discrimination should not happen in this country. By understanding the past history itself, at least the nation will be more prudent in giving attitude.