Derived - Austronesian descendants have spread throughout Bali. They live in groups with Jro-jronya (leaders respectively). It is these groups that will be villages in Bali Bali Mula they are people, and they are known as Pasek Bali.
At that time, people have embraced early Balinese religion, ancestor worship them only that they named Hyang. According to experts, the spiritual condition of the people of Bali at the time it was still empty. This situation lasted until the early demikan Must to Go Historical BC approximately the first century AD. With such circumstances Bali then people began to arrive from outside Bali to the island. Besides for teaching Hinduism, they also want to promote Bali in all sectors of life. For the case of a rsi came to Bali named Maharsi Markandeya.
According to sources in the form of manuscripts, literature, and the puranas, Maharsi Markandeya came from India. As stated as follows in the Markandeya Purana, "The Yogi Markandeya was so Hindu Kawit hana" which means "the yogi Markandeya is of Indian origin". From the data in the name of Markandeya not get perorarangan name, but is the name or names pasraman college as well as the name of Agastya. Pasraman college or institution that is studied and developed the teachings of previous teachers. Habits are traditionally handed down from generation to generation to continue the tradition of previous teachers, from teacher to student, and so on. College this hereditary line called Parampara, Parampara and arrange each teaching subjects, from Parampara which has raised teachers and college students to continue this line is called sampradaya. Of each sampradaya preparing teaching points from the sources, Chess Vedas, Puranas, Upanishads, Vedanta Sutras, and Itihasa. Despite having different views, but they took it from Vedic tradition passed down through generations of the same in interpreting and teaching points of doctrine in the Vedas. Thus finally, the sacred libraries deployed, which include Markandeya Purana, Garuda Purana, Shiva Purana, Vayu purana, Vishnu Purana and so forth. Even from each generation to generation there is a name diksa (initiation) the same as its predecessor. So the Maharsi Markandeya is an RSI of colleges whose name is the same line as its predecessor in India, he came to Indonesia to spread the Hindu religion, especially understand Waisnava (worshipers of Vishnu).
When he arrived in Indonesia, Maharsi Markandeya boarding in the Dieng Mountains, Central Java. Then he dharmayatra areas to the east, and came in Mt roar, East Java. Here he opened pasraman where he was accompanied by his disciples, called the Aga Wong (elect). A few years later he went on a trip to the east, specifically to the island of Bali when it was empty spiritually. Besides for teaching Hinduism, he also wanted to teach farming techniques on a regular basis, dams or irrigation systems, equipment for Yajna and others. Journey he was accompanied by 800 students.
When he first came to Bali, he came to Mount Tohlangkir. There he and his students merabas forests to agricultural land, but unfortunately a lot of the students affected by strange diseases without cause, there are people who die like a beast pounced mranggi (tiger), was missing without a trace, even crazy. Seeing this situation, Maharsi Markandeya decided to go back to Mt roar, then he yoga to know the disaster that befell her students when to Bali. He finally get a clue that the disaster terjadinye is because he does not perform yajna before clearing it.
After getting directions, Maharsi Markandeya came to Bali returned to Mount Tohlangkir precisely. This time he only took 400 of his disciples. But before merabas woods and back before taking the job, Maharsi Markandeya perform ritual ceremonies, such as yajna, agni hotra, and planted on the slopes of Mount panca datu Tohlangkir, Nyomia, and Waliksumpah ceremony to purify and harmonize the venue. So finally all his followers survived without one any less. Therefore, Maharsi Markandeya then named the region with Wasuki name, and then evolved into the name Basukian and the subsequent development of people refer to this place as the Basuki which means salvation. Until now, this place is known by the name of Besakih and planting five datu where he eventually founded a temple called Pura Besakih. And Markandeya Maharsi rename Mount Tohlangkir as Mount Agung. Not only that, Maharsi Markandeya finally named this island by the name Wali means offering or sacrifice, and later known as the Bali Dwipa or now known as Bali, where all will survive and prosper by performing yajna offerings or sacrifices. After a few years he eventually headed westbound to continue the journey and get a flat and expansive area, as well as very dense forest. That's where he and his students merebas forest. Flat and wide area was named Puwakan, then from the puakan turned into Kasuwakan, then became Suwakan and eventually became Subak.
In this place he planted various types of food and everything can thrive and produce well. Therefore this place called Sarwada which means convenience. Since this condition may occur because of God's will through the intermediary of the Maharsi. Will of Balinese language kahyun, wooden taru Sanskrit language, the word taru then this place is known by the name of Taro in the future, which is located in Gianyar regency. In this region Maharsi Markandeya established as a memorial to the temple on the mountain roared pasramannya. This temple called Pura Gunung roar, even to this day on the hill where he also founded a yoga temple called Pura Luhur Payogan later, which is located in Campuan, Ubud. This temple is also called the temple Mount Bees. Furthermore Mahasri Markandeya went to the west of the direction Payogan and then build a temple named Pura Murwa, while its territory and so was named Parahyangan then people call it as Pahyangan. And now the place is known as Payangan.
Aga people, the disciples maha Markandeya settled in villages passed by him, they mingle with the people of Bali early, farming and farming in a very organized, organizes yajna as taught by Maharsi Markanadeya. In this way there was intermingling of people and the first Bali Aga people, then from the intermingling of them known as the Bali Aga which means mixing with the first inhabitants bali aga people, students Maharsi Markandeya, with this, the Hindu can well received by the people when the first Bali. As clergy (priests) Bali Aga people where Maharsi Markandeya became its founder, the Bali Aga people known as the Citizens Bhujangga Waisnava.
In Bali the royal era, especially Warmadewa Dynasty. Residents Bhujangga Waisnsava always be purohito (main priest kingdom) who accompanied the king, among others MPU Gawaksa are crowned by the Queen Sri Adnyadewi year 1016 AD, as a replacement MPU Kuturan. Sri Ratu Adnyadewi also gives authority to the teacher of Residents Bhujangga Waisnava to perform the ceremony Waliksumpah up, because he was able to clean all the stains on this earth, even the queen Bhisama issued to all the people that read: "If there is a request rsi or wiku -request, the requester with the hermit, if no one is giving alms to the hermit, kill him and all that he should be left to pasraman. And what happens when the turbidity in the kingdom and in the world, should hold a ceremony Tawur, Waliksumpah, Prayascita (purify the sinner), astrologers, those who practice the black arts teacher must Bhujangga Waisnava the cleanse, because the teacher Bhujangga Waisnava like the wind, like Bhima and Hanuman, it is also the duty of teachers Bhujangga Waisnava purify the village, including woods, fields, ravines. Therefore the teacher Bhujangga Waisnava as Lord, Master, may use everything and can eliminate penalties ".
Later during the reign of Sri Raghajaya in 1077 AD the kingdom was appointed purohito MPU Andonamenang of Bhujangga Vaisnava family. Then MPU Atuk in the reign of king Sri Sakala Indukirana in 1098 AD, then MPU Ceken during the reign of Sri Suradipha years from 1115 to 1119 AD, then MPU Jagathita during the reign of Sri Jayapangus in 1148 AD For subsequent kings always be a king purohito taken from family Bhujangga Waisnava and so on until the reign of Sri Dalem Waturenggong in Bali. When it is a TVC Takmung purohito is from where he made a mistake as acharya kingdom had married Dewi Ayu Laksmi who is none other than his own daughter as sisyanya Dalem. The above error will Bhujangga teacher was sentenced to death, but he soon disappeared and then settled in the area and Jatiluwih Hurry, Tabanan.
Since the incident, the palace no longer wear purohito of Bhujangga Waisnava. Since then and after arrival in Bali Nirartha, purohito position taken over by Brahmins Shiva and Buddha. Even after structuring the Balinese to the dynasty system by Nirartha consent Dalem, family Bhujanggga Waisnava no longer be included as citizens of Brahmins. But the legacy of greatness Bhujangga Waisnava in his role as a mentor early Balinese society, especially of the Bali Aga Bali Mula and still visible to this day. At each temple of Bali Aga people, there is always a shrine of Lord Sakti as sthana Bhujangga. The tools are always ready to worship at the shrine. Bali Aga people / Mula quite nuhur Tirtha, Tirtha anything, especially tirta pengentas is through this shrine. Until now, these people have never / dare use or nuhur Rauh Siva. In addition, these people never offered an offering of meat when held pujawali and usually they use the leaves kelasih as one means of offerings in addition to flowers, water, fire and fruit.
Residents Bhujangga Waisnava, Markandeya Maharsi descendants are now scattered all over Bali, there pedharmannya temple in east upgrading the great Besakih in southeast pedharman Dalem. Likewise pretended kawitannya scattered throughout Bali, as in Takmung, Klungkung regency, Batubulan, Gianyar, Tabanan regency Jatiluwih and in several other places in Bali.
Thus Maharsi Markandeya, ancestral Residents Bhujangga Waisnava first propagator of Hinduism in Bali and its people to this day there is a carry dharma kawikon with sage Bhujangga Waisnava title. Whereas those with Aga keturunakannya have to mingle with the native Balinese or Bali Mula Nation Austronesian descent, and they are known as the Bali Aga people.
